GS1 QR Code vs Barcode: Differences, Pros, Cons, and More
Product identification technologies play a vital role in making global trade operations efficient and smooth. Whether at a retail checkout counter or tracking shipments, GS1 standards streamline supply chain processes.
They are the global language of business, facilitating businesses to uniquely classify, capture, and share details about products, locations, and more.
They use barcodes to support the traceability of products and ensure better data quality. They have become central to retail, healthcare, and product distribution.
A common misconception is that “barcode” refers exclusively to the standard 1D codes like those commonly scanned in grocery stores.
However, barcodes actually fall into two distinct types: 1D barcodes, which consist of linear stripes, such as UPC and EAN, and 2D barcodes, which feature pixelated patterns, such as QR codes and Data Matrix, capable of storing more data and enabling digital interactions.
In this article, we will compare GS1 QR codes and 1D barcodes by exploring their differences, advantages, disadvantages, and use cases.
Table of Contents
What is a 1D Barcode?
A barcode refers to a digitally interpretable code that encodes data using a pattern of parallel white and black lines of varying thicknesses. These lines in 1D barcodes are often accompanied by characters or numbers to convey additional information.
Typically, barcodes are used in various industries to identify and track products accurately and swiftly.
Universal Product Code barcodes (UPC): They contain 12 numeric digits. Primarily, they are used in the retail industry for product identification at the point of sale. These 12 digits are categorized into sections namely the item code, the manufacturer code, and a checksum digit (for error detection) to ensure accurate scanning.
EAN barcodes: They are a global standard commonly used outside North America, chiefly in Europe. Usually, they contain 13 numeric digits (an 8-digit version is available for smaller packages).
These barcodes encode product and manufacturer identifiers. However, they are uniquely designed to support international trade.
Code 128: It is a highly versatile form of barcode capable of encoding alphanumeric characters, numbers, and symbols. These barcodes boast a compact design and can hold a significant amount of data.
Example of a Code 128 barcode: A shipping label printed on the package delivered through courier may feature a Code 128 barcode. It shows the tracking number and other shipment information.
How 1D barcodes work
Linear scanning technology is implemented in 1D barcodes. The technology involves an LED scanner or laser emitting a light beam over the 1D barcode. The scanner’s sensor interprets the reflected light.
The black lines absorb light, whereas the white spaces reflect it. This arrangement creates a unique pattern that is transformed into digital data. The computer system processes this data, enabling product identification.
What is a GS1 QR Code?
A GS1 QR code is an independent, 2D matrix code comprising square modules arranged in a square pattern. The symbol shows a distinctive finder pattern present at the three corners.
These QR codes follow the GS1 standards. In other words, they are a 2D barcode based on the ISO/IEC 18004 QR Code specification. They follow GS1 encoding rules to carry structured data such as a product's GTIN, lot number, expiration date, and more, making them suitable for supply chain, POS, and consumer engagement use cases.
It enables users to scan the product QR code on the packaging and swiftly access the linked web content. Such codes carry GS1 keys and attributes.
Data is encoded using the GS1 Application Identifiers (AIs) that define the meaning and structure of the data within the QR code.
GS1 QR code structure
Here’s an overview of the components included in the QR code:
Data Fields: They contain the GS1 identification keys, such as the batch numbers, the Global Trade Item Numbers (GTINs), serial numbers, and expiration dates.
Application Identifiers (AIs): They are numerical prefixes specifying the format and type of the data encoded. The structure allows GS1 QR codes to efficiently store varied supply chain data in a compact form.
Let’s understand how regular QR codes and GS1 QR codes differ:
Standard QR codes can link to multiple web pages or online databases, based on how they are configured. However, the URI of the GS1 QR codes are uniquely structured to be read by barcode scanners in the supply chain and at point-of-sale (POS) systems.
They follow the GS1 Digital URI standard, ensuring smooth integration with inventory management and retail checkout processes.
Standard QR codes can store various types of data, including text, URLs, and contact details. They are commonly used for general purposes like website links. They can also be integrated into retail checkout systems when linked to payment or product databases.
However, the absence of a standardized structure means that anybody can create them. So, they are not versatile for complex systems. They lack product tracking capability.
GS1-powered QR codes embed a structured URL alongside the GTIN, facilitating easy scanning at checkout systems and providing access to detailed product information. This structured format helps different systems and companies work together smoothly in supply chains and retail.
They ensure traceability and smooth integration within complex systems. They are effective for industries demanding standardized and accurate data handling. The built-in error correction makes them easy to scan even when damaged.
Key differences between GS1 QR codes and 1D barcodes
Let’s go through the following points to analyze the key differences between QR codes and 1D barcodes:
Appearance
GS1 QR codes boast a square-shaped, 2D grid design comprising white and black modules. This arrangement allows them to store and showcase more complex data.
On the other hand, 1D barcodes showcase linear patterns of vertical black lines and spaces. This arrangement limits the type of data they can depict.
GS1-enabled QR codes are visually compact whereas 1D barcodes appear elongated and boast simpler design.
Data Capacity
Another major QR code vs barcode (1D) difference is that the former can store huge amounts of information, including lot numbers, expiration dates, GTINs, and serial numbers. These codes can also contain links to additional digital content.Scannability
GS1 QR codes are omnidirectional, allowing users to scan from any angle. As a result, the scanning process is quick and the chances of errors are minimal.Data Encoding
Application Identifiers (AIs) define the structured data formats used in QR codes powered by GS1. These AIs facilitate standardized and comprehensive encoding of different types of data used in the supply chain.Size Efficiency
QR codes use a two-dimensional (2D) matrix of tiny squares to store data, unlike traditional barcodes that only store information in one direction (horizontally). This 2D structure enables QR codes to hold much more data in a smaller space, making them ideal for compact packaging like product tags or labels.Durability
The error correction systems in GS1 QR codes keep them scannable although a part of the code gets damaged/dirty/hidden.Flexibility
GS1-powered QR codes are adaptable to different applications. They can encode dynamic data like batch numbers, links, etc. with digital interfaces.Traceability
QR codes conforming to GS1 standards can work well for detailed product traceability. They can encode multiple data points (for example, serial numbers, expiration dates, etc.).Integration
QR codes are widely used in advanced digital systems as they support IoT, blockchain, and automation integration. They future-proof r modern business operations.Advantages of GS1 QR Codes
Large data capacity
These codes encode a larger volume of data than 1D barcodes. For example, they can encode lot numbers, expiration dates, product identifiers, etc. This functionality benefits businesses to store comprehensive product information or effective product tracking throughout their lifecycle.Minimize errors
One of the key advantages of QR code with GS1 Digital Link is they ensure minimal error. Suppose a customer faced issues with product misidentification. Products carrying GS1 QR labels make it easy to locate products and thus avoid costly delays.Offers personalized customer experience
Manufacturers generally use these codes to convey detailed product information, usage instructions, allergen content, etc. Hence, customers will have a personalized experience when purchasing.Improved supply chain efficiency.
Retailers use GS1 QR code for managing inventory and expiration dates to ensure swift and accurate product recognition and tracking. The reduced manual processes lead to money, time, and labor savings in the supply chain.Sustainability & traceability
Any GS1 digital link QR code supports traceability, enabling key parties to track products from source to shelf. The exceptional transparency helps consumers make informed choices.Enhanced scalability
These QR codes provide scalability with evolving supply chain processes and workflows. Their ability to support advanced functionalities makes them adaptable to future industry demands.Disadvantages of GS1 QR Codes
Planed and tested implementation
These codes’ implementation can be difficult because they need adherence to strict GS1 standards. Following this compliance may involve training and upgrading systems.High initial cost
It can be costlier to generate and integrate these QR codes than 1D barcodes. Some business owners may disagree with investing in these codes due to the cost. They need to purchase QR codes for each size, variety, and type of product.Requires the right software/app
To learn how to generate GS1 QR code, you need to use specific software/app to achieve the desired customization. It is necessary if you need additional functions like editing content, tracking, and generating scan reports.Advantages of 1D barcodes
Easy implementation
It is extremely easy to implement 1D barcodes. 1D barcodes need minimal setup and can be ready to use within a few weeks. Besides, they easily integrate with your existing systems, guaranteeing swift deployment.Cost-effectiveness
1D barcodes are affordable to produce and can be printed using most office-grade laser or thermal printers, provided quality standards are met. Being readily available and accessible, 1D barcodes are suitable for businesses of all sizes.Universal usage
They are widely adopted and found compatible with basic scanning setups. So, they ensure wide accessibility.Disadvantages of 1D barcodes
Susceptible to label damage
Linear barcodes printed on a torn part of a package or that have been smudged or smeared will create scanning issues. If the numeric code is severely affected due to damage, then the checkout process will be delayed.Limited data capacity
These codes can only store limited data, such as a product identifier. So, they are not suitable for use in complex supply chains.Unsuitability for advanced systems
The limited capabilities make linear barcodes less effective in modern automated workflows that require detailed, structured data.Present and future outlook
The role of Digital Link
GS1's Digital Link technology revolutionizes how product details are shared. The incorporation of web-based URLs into QR codes benefits consumers in several ways. It lets them access comprehensive product information, offers, and digital warranties via a simple scan.Consumer-interactive packaging
Using QR codes powered by GS1 makes the packaging more interactive. These codes connect consumers to rich information, such as usage instructions, expiration dates, ingredient sources, sustainability practices, etc.Focus on sustainability
A single QR code can replace the need for multiple labels. Thus, it consolidates data to reduce packaging waste.Projected transition timelines
The shift from 1D barcodes to GS1’s 2D barcode is underway. Leading retail sectors are expected to adopt 2D barcodes as a standard for improved data storage and traceability of products by 2027.Possible global regulatory shifts toward 2D barcodes
Codes for future-ready businesses
As industries move toward greater digitization and smarter supply chains, both 1D barcodes and QR codes powered by GS1 offer distinct benefits.
While 1D barcodes remain cost-effective and widely adopted, QR codes enable richer data sharing, better traceability, and future-ready integration with digital platforms. For businesses preparing for smarter supply chains and enhanced consumer engagement, QR codes powered by GS1 are the clear front-runner.
The future of retail and logistics demands more than just basic identification. It requires dynamic, comprehensive data at every touchpoint. Companies should start planning their next move: adopting GS1 QR codes to meet evolving business needs and stay ahead of the curve.
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